引論：我們?yōu)槟砹?3篇八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)范文，供您借鑒以豐富您的創(chuàng)作。它們是您寫作時(shí)的寶貴資源，期望它們能夠激發(fā)您的創(chuàng)作靈感，讓您的文章更具深度。
篇1
2. 為他人找到合理的解決辦法，提出相應(yīng)的建議。
3. 為自己的問題找到解決辦法。
(二)重點(diǎn)單詞：
1. play v. 播放 2. loud adj. 高聲的;大聲的 3. argue v. 爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)吵 4. wrong adj. 錯(cuò)誤的;有毛病的;不適合的 5. could v. can的過去式 6. ticket n. 票，入場(chǎng)券
7. surprise v. 使驚奇;使意外 8. other adj. 任一的;(兩方中的)每一方的
9. except prep. 除;把......除外 10. fail v. 失敗 11. football n. 足球
12. until prep. 到......為止 13. fit v. 適合，適應(yīng) 14. include v. 包括;包含
15. send v. 發(fā)送，寄 16. themselves pron. 他們自己(反身代詞)
(三)重點(diǎn)詞組：
1. keep out不讓......進(jìn)入
2. out of style不時(shí)髦的;過時(shí)的
3. call sb. up打電話給......
4. pay for付款
5. ask for要求
6. the same as與......同樣的
7. in style時(shí)髦的;流行的
8. get on相處;進(jìn)展
9. as much as possible盡可能多
10. all kinds of各種;許多
11. on the one hand, ......(在)一方面，......
12. on the other hand, ......另一方面，......
(四)重點(diǎn)句型：
1. What should I do?
我應(yīng)該怎么做?
2. You could write him a letter.
你可以寫信給他。
3. What should he do?
他應(yīng)該怎么做?
4. Maybe he should say he's sorry.
也許他應(yīng)該說抱歉。
5. What should they do?
他們應(yīng)該怎么做?
6. They shouldn't argue.
他們不應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)吵。
(五)重點(diǎn)語法：
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法
should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，意為"應(yīng)該......"。
should(應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該)用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。
eg. You should wait a little more.
你應(yīng)該再多等一會(huì)兒。
--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厲害。
--- You should lie down and have a rest.你應(yīng)該躺下，多喝水。
在這個(gè)單元中我們還學(xué)到用"could"表示建議，這時(shí)could不是can的過去式，而表示比should更加委婉的建議。
--- I need some money to pay for the summer camp.
---- You should/ could borrow some money from your brother.
(六)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解：
1. I don't have enough money.
我沒有足夠的錢。
enough：adj.充足的、充分的，在句子中可作定語修飾名詞，也可作表語。
eg. Do you have enough time?
Six pieces of paper will be enough.
2. I argued with my best friend.我與我的朋友吵架了。
argue with sb.意為"與......爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)論"
eg. He often argue with his classmates.
3. My clothes are out of style.
我的衣服過時(shí)了。
be out of style / fashion表示"過時(shí)""不合乎時(shí)尚"
反義詞是"be in fashion"表示"合乎時(shí)尚"
eg. He is always in fashion.
The sofa is out of style, and I don't like it.
4. Maybe you should call him up.
(1)maybe是副詞，用來表示推測(cè)，譯為"也許，或許，大概"。
eg. Maybe you are right.
Maybe they will go out for a walk.
maybe不同于may be。maybe是一個(gè)詞，是副詞，may be是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may加上動(dòng)詞原形be，意為"或許"，后接形容詞、名詞、代詞等。
eg. It may be true.
He may be the man we are looking for.
(2)call sb up .打電話給某人
eg. I called up Zhang Hong at eight o'clock.
原句中him為代詞，所以放在call和up之間，不能說成call up him。
eg. I'll call her up this afternoon.
Could you ask him to call me, please.在這個(gè)句子中，省略u(píng)p。
5. I don't want to surprise him.
我不想使他驚訝。
在這句話中surprise是個(gè)行為動(dòng)詞，可以說成"surprise sb."，表示"使......驚訝"。
eg. The news surprises us greatly.
surprised adj.驚訝的
surprising adj.令人驚訝的
eg. I'm surprised to hear the news.
It's a surprising gift, and I love it.
6. No, he doesn't have any money, either.
不，他也沒有錢。
either的用法：用作副詞，用在否定句或否定詞組后加強(qiáng)語氣，表示"也"，"而且"。
eg. He doesn't like singing, and he doesn't like dancing, either.
either用作代詞時(shí)，常表示"兩者之中任何一個(gè)"，常與短語連用或用作賓語。
eg. Either of them will agree with you.
I don't like either of the books.
7. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp.
我需要一些錢支付夏令營(yíng)。
(1)need是個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可以是行為動(dòng)詞。
當(dāng)它是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后邊直接加行為動(dòng)詞，表示"需要"，但need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般不用于肯定句。它一般用于否定句和疑問句中，例如：
①You need not meet him.你不必見他。
②Need I repeat it?我有必要重復(fù)它嗎?
對(duì)上一句的簡(jiǎn)略回答為：Yes, you need. No, you needn't.
此外情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must提問時(shí)，否定回答時(shí)為No, ... needn't。
例如：Must he finish the homework now?
Yes, he must. No, he needn't.
當(dāng)need作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，同其他行為動(dòng)詞一樣對(duì)待，need后加不定式為"need to do"。
例如：I need to finish the work.
變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)，不能像它作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)直接提前，而要加助動(dòng)詞do/ does/ did等，例如：
He needs to write many words.
改成一般問句：Does he need to write many words?
他需要寫許多字嗎?
Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
(2)(sb.)pay(money)for sth.為......而付款
(sb.)spend(money)on sth在......上花多少錢
(sth.)cost sb.(money)什么東西值多少錢
這三個(gè)短語都是表示付款。但pay, spend指的是"人"，主語為人，而cost指的是"物"，主語為"物"。
例如說他昨天花10元買了一本書。用以上三個(gè)短語分別為：
①He paid 10 yuan for the book yesterday.
②He spent 10 yuan on the book yesterday.
③The book cost him 10 yuan yesterday.
注意以上三個(gè)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞過去式為：
pay---paid spend ---- spent cost----cost
以上三個(gè)例句的翻譯為：
篇2
Today is the May 1st Labour Day holiday, in the morning, my mood is very good, because mom and dad promised to go the moon island I play, I ate mom's delicious breakfast, three to the moon island, on the way to see a lot of father, mother took her children also went to the moon island, unknowingly went to the moon island, saw many birds chattering in, as if to say to me: "welcome you to the moon island," I saw was also the moon in the flowers and plants trees dressed in colorful island, as if into the "flower of the world," dancing with the wind flowers in "the wonderful dancing", and there are many butterflies flying on the trees and flowers.
My father and I play a lot of games, "hide and seek, play, etc." the time to go home in a twinkling of an eye, we reluctantly left the moon island, on the way home dad told me the origin of the May 1st Labour Day holiday, has taught me the May 1st Labour Day holiday is hard-won, we should cherish the happy life of today, to learn by heart, this year's May Day is my most memorable day!
今天是五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)，早晨起床，我的心情非常好，因?yàn)榘职謰寢尨饝?yīng)我一起去月亮島玩兒，我吃過媽媽做的香噴噴的早飯，一家三口向月亮島出發(fā)，一路上看到很多的爸爸，媽媽領(lǐng)著自己的孩子也去月亮島玩兒，不知不覺來到了月亮島，看見許多小鳥在嘰嘰喳喳地叫，好像對(duì)我說：“歡迎你來到月亮島，”我還看見了被花草樹木裝扮成五彩繽紛的月亮島，好像進(jìn)入了“花的世界”，隨風(fēng)舞動(dòng)的花在“跳著美妙的舞蹈”，還有很多的蝴蝶在花草樹木上飛來飛去。
我和爸爸玩了很多游戲，“捉迷藏，踢球，等等”轉(zhuǎn)眼間到了回家的時(shí)候了，我們依依不舍地離開了月亮島，回家的路上爸爸還給我講了五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)的由來，使我懂得了五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)是來之不易，我們要珍惜今天的幸福生活，要用心學(xué)習(xí)，今年的五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)是我最難忘的日子!
篇3
In a word ,people clveletter than before.
【參考譯文】
篇4
That's because I saw one South Korean children on television, has become the world's top archaeologist, I was shocked, I'm tempted; I have read the story of Li Bai, when he was a kid he is not love learning, often play truant, on one occasion, he was playing truant in the street play, suddenly saw a grandmother in grinding a thick stick stick, Li Bai curious came to ask: "Granny, what are you doing?" The old grandma head also does not carry the said: "I was grinding, as long as the effort of a deep, you also can be ground into a needle." After listening to Li Bai, feel very ashamed, since then no longer played truant, heart secretly swear, must Study hard, make a useful person to society, he finally became a famous poet, to achieve their dreams.
我要以成為考古學(xué)家為目標(biāo)，刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，積累知識(shí)，每當(dāng)我學(xué)累了想休息時(shí)，就想起了老奶奶對(duì)李白說的那句話。
篇5
聽力部分（20分）Ⅰ.聽句子和問題, 選擇正確的圖片。(5分)Ⅱ.聽句子，選擇正確的答語。（5分）( ) 1. A. I'll show you. This way, please. B. I'm from Shandong Province.C. To the nearest station.( ) 2. A. Oh, no. B. Just a moment. C. Yes, that's right.( ) 3. A. Yes, I do. B. Sure. C. It's a pleasure.( ) 4. A. No, I don't like it at all. B. I feel disappointed.C. I think it's very interesting.( ) 5. A. Noise makes me angry. B. I like light music. It makes me happy.C. Sad movies always make me cry.Ⅲ.聽短文，選擇正確答案。（5分）( ) 1. What does Steve do in the factory?A. A worker. B. An engineer. C. A manager.( ) 2. How does he go to work?A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By train.( ) 3. How does he spend his time on the way?A. Reading newspaper. B. Reading novels. C. Chatting with someone else.( ) 4. Why was he late for work one Thursday?A. He forgot the time. B. He forgot to get off at the right station.C. He deserved to be late.( ) 5. How did the boss treat him for his being late?A. The boss encouraged him to carry on his work.B. The boss shouted to him angrily.C. The boss hardly fired(解雇) him.IV. 聽對(duì)話, 選擇正確的答案。(5分)( ) 1. Is Beth bored of English?A. Yes, she is. B. No, she isn't . C. I don't know.( ) 2. What color can make us feel better?A. White. B. Red. C. Green.( ) 3. Who is strict with Maria?A. Her father. B. Her mother. C. Maria.( ) 4. What is he anxious about?A. Falling behind others. B. Waiting in line .C. He doesn't know.( ) 5. How do we feel when it rains?A. We feel well. B. We feel better. C. We feel worse.筆試部分 (80分)Ⅰ.詞匯(10分)A) 根據(jù)句意及首字母提示,完成單詞。(5分)1. My parents are going to the t_________ to see Beijing Opera.2. I'm looking f_________ to meeting him.3. His father is very h________. He often makes us laugh.4. Tom is an e_______ student. He does his best in lessons.5. People can't live w________ air or water.B) 根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。(5分)1.Betty sang the song ________ _________ _________(再三) last night.2.How about ________ ________(處理) the problems?3.We should ________ _________ _________(對(duì)……滿意) our life.4.Riding our bicycles to explore Beijing _________ ________(一定)great fun.5.The teacher was able to ________ _________(使振作起來)the class by teaching them to sing lively songs.Ⅱ.選擇填空(15分) Xkb1 .com( ) 1. I'll ________ later today.A. ring her up B. ring up her C. call her to D. call up her( ) 2. Don't complain _______about your problems.A. much too B. too many C. many too D. too much( ) 3. You don't know the way. Why ______ the policeman for help?A. don't ask B. no ask C. not ask D. not to ask( ) 4. I have two brothers. One is a worker, ________ is a driver.A. another B. the others C. other D. the other( ) 5.There are _______ books in our library.A. five hundreds B. hundred of C. hundreds of D.five hundred of( ) 6. The girl is new here and she lives _______. So she seems _______.A. lonely; lonely B. alone; alone C. lonely; alone D. alone; lonely( ) 7. There's too much noise here. Let's go_________.A. somewhere quiet B. quiet somewhereC. anywhere quiet D. quiet anywhere( ) 8. We'll go on a field trip if it _______ this weekend.A. won't rain B. isn't raining C. doesn't rain D. will rain( ) 9.—We missed a chance to win a goal.—_________!A. Well done B. Good luck C. What a pity D. How lucky( ) 10. This film is as ________ as that one.A. interested B. more interesting C. interesting D.more interested( ) 11. What ________ girl she is!A. a beautiful B. beautiful C. beautifully D. the beautifully( ) 12. The Greens will have _______ holiday in China.A. two weeks B. two week C. two-week D. a two-week( ) 13. —I don't know much about computer.—I don't know, ________. Let's go and ask for help.A. also B. either C. too D. as well( ) 14. You'd better stay at home. The wind is blowing _________ at the moment.A. hardly B. hard C. strong D. heavily( ) 15. There are many shops on ________ side of the street.A. both B. every C. each D. each ofⅢ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(5分)按要求完成下列句子.1. We decided to go to see a movie this Sunday. (改為否定句)We decided _________ __________ go to see a movie this Sunday.2. It took Mike half an hour to work out the problem. (改為同義句)Mike _______ half an hour ________ ________ the problem.3. He went to bed after his mother came back. (改為同義句)He ________ go to bed _______ his mother came back.4. He was very excited. He couldn't fall asleep. (連成一句)He was ________ excited ________ he couldn't fall asleep.5. My father is very strict. (就劃線部分提問)_______ is your father _______?Ⅳ.綜合填詞(10分)用方框中單詞的正確形式填空,使短文意思完整。(每空不一定只填一詞)
I went to have a dinner party at the biggest hotel in my hometown today.I was very busy, 1 I had no time to change 2 for dinner. Then I drove there as soon as I could 3 when I walked in, no one 4 me to food or drink.I got 5 . Then I went 6 home and put on 7 clothes of all. After that, I returned again.This time, everyone stood up at once 8 me and I had the best table and the best food. I got more 9 than before. I took off my coat, put it in the food and said, “Please eat, my dear coat.”The other people were 10 and asked why.1.__________ 2.________ 3.________ 4._________ 5.__________6.__________ 7.________ 8.________ 9._________ 10.__________Ⅴ.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(5分)從方框中選擇正確的句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話,有兩項(xiàng)是多余的。
A: Hi, Lily! Did you go to the concert last night?B: Yes, 1?A: 2B: It's moving. Many famous singers sang at the concert. 3A: What does it mean??B: 4 You know many children in the world don't have enough food.?A: 5 ?B: I think people all over the world should help them.?A: That's right!?1． ______ 2._________ 3. _______4. ________ 5. ________
Ⅵ.完形填空(10分)Cars were invented in the last century. Today they have touched the lives of everyone in the United States. Most Americans feel that they are poor when they have 1? cars.Why are cars widely used in the United States? Here are three reasons.2?, the 3? is very large and Americans enjoy 4? trips here and there. With cars they can go anywhere easily.?The second reason is 5? trains have never been as common(普通)in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. What’s more, Americans have to 6? a lot of money traveling 7?.The third 8? is the most important one. Americans don’t like to 9? buses or trains or even planes.They like cars 10? they want to travel fast at any time.?( )1. A. no B. some C. many( )2. A. First of all B. All the first C. The firstly( )3. A. country B. people C. way?( )4. A. to have B. making C. to make( )5. A. why B. where C. that( )6. A. cost B. spend C. take( )7. A. by a plane B. by plane C. by planes( )8. A. thing B. matter C. reason( )9. A. wait for B. work on C. wait on( )10A. because B. before C. afterⅦ.閱讀理解(15分)(A)Water is the "life blood" of our earth. It is in every living thing. It is in the air. It runs through mountains and valleys. It forms lakes and seas. Nature has a great water system（系統(tǒng)）.Rainwater finds its way to rivers and lakes. River water runs into the sea. At the mouths of the rivers, fresh water joins the salt water of the sea.?Here at the mouth of a river there is much important plant and animal life. But pollution destroys this life. We have to clean our rivers. Man has to work with nature, not against it.?( )1.Water is like________.?A. clouds B. blood C. life( )2. ________ is in every living thing.A. Blood B. Water C. Salt( )3. ________The mouth of a river is near _________.?A. the sea B. a lake? C. a mountain( )4. There is much plant and animal life at the _________ of a river.?A. head B. top C. mouth( )5.We have to ________ our rivers.?A. find B. clean C. pollute(B)When you are in Hongkong, you must be very careful in the streets because the traffic drives on the left. It is different from that in other areas of China. If you are the first time to come to Hongkong, you must look to the right side and then the left before you cross the street.?If the traffic lights are red, the traffic must stop. Then people on foot can cross the road carefully. But if the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go. People on foot mustn't cross.?When people go to or come from work in the morning and evening, the streets are very busy. Traffic is the most dangerous then, especially for the children.?When you go by bus in Hongkong, you have to be careful, too. You must always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. Have a look first, or you will go the wrong way.?In Hongkong, there are many big buses with two floors you can sit on the second floor. From there you can see the view of the whole city① well. It's very interesting.?Notes:1.the view of the whole city 城市的全景Read the passage and mark (T) for True or (F) for False to each statement.（ 閱讀短文，判斷正（T）誤（F）。）（ ）1.The traffic in Hongkong drives on the right.（ ）2.The traffic in Hongkong is the same as that in other areas of China.（ ）3.If the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go.（ ）4.You can sit on the first floor and see the view of the whole city.（ ）5.According to the passage we know we must obey the traffic rules in Hongkong.?(C)Most people in the USA, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada speak English as a first language. However, English is spoken all over the world: it is the main (主要的) language in more than 60 countries, such as India, Singapore and in many of the Caribbean (加勒比) and Pacific (太平洋) islands. In these places English is often a second language.?English is also uesd as an important international language in many other countries, like China and Japan. People in these countries use it for business, and travellers to these countries use English when they get there. Other people may learn English because they enjoy reading books in English, listening to British or American music and watching American films.?English has changed a lot over the years and still goes on changing. It is no longer right to talk about British English or American English if the speakers come or don’t come from those countries. People in Japan or Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans, English will be the most widely used language in the world in the 21st century. This language no longer belongs to only British, American or Australian speakers, It belongs to anyone in the world. So, as a high school student of English today, think about how you can use this language. After you leave school, you will almost certainly need it.?根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇答案。?（ ）1. How many countries use English as a first language in the world??A. Five B. Four C. Three D. Six?（ ）2. In which other countries is English spoken as a main language??A. Britain, the USA, Australia.?B. India, Singapore and many of the Carbbean and Pacific islands.C. China, Japan.?D. Over 60 countries.（ ）3. People from other countries learn English for _________.?A. passing exams?B. business and traveling?C. reading English books and enjoying English music and filmsD. both B and C（ ）4. If people in Japan or Korea use American spelling, they ____________.A. will speak the same as Americans?B. may not sound like Americans?C. will speak British English?D. will speak English much betten（ ）5. Which title is the best for the passage??A. A First Language In The World?B. A Seoond Language In The World?C. English Around The World?D. A Useful LanguageⅧ.書面表達(dá)(10分)假設(shè)你是一個(gè)新轉(zhuǎn)到北京四中的學(xué)生，一時(shí)難以適應(yīng)新的生活，你感到很沮喪，并渴望有所改變，請(qǐng)你寫一封80字左右的信給你的好朋友，告訴他（她）你現(xiàn)在的情況并征求他（她）的意見。聽力材料Ⅰ.聽句子和問題,選擇正確的圖片。1. We will start at 8:30 a.m and arrive at Shanghai Railway Station at 2:30 p.m. tomorrow.When will they set off tomorrow?2. We bought tickets at the foot of Mount Tai, had a rest at Zhongtian Gate and looked at the night scene at Nantian Gate yesterday. Where did they look at the night scene?3. Going by bike can save money and energy. How will they go?4. In China when we have meals, we usually use chopsticks. What do we use to have meals in China?5. She likes Peking Opera very much. What does she like?Ⅱ.聽句子, 選擇正確的答語。新 課 標(biāo)第一網(wǎng)1. Where is Beijing Railway Station?2. It's cloudy. Shall I bring my umbrella?3. Would you help me put this to the top, please?4. How do you feel?5. I hate noise. It makes me angry.Ⅲ. 聽短文，選擇正確的答案。Steve works as an engineer in a factory. Every morning, he goes to work by train. As he has a long way, he always buys a newspaper. It helps to make the time pass more quickly. One Thursday morning, he turned to the page of sports. He wanted to look for the news about an important football match. The news was so interesting that he forgot to get off at the next station and had to wait a long time for a train going back. Of course, he arrived very late at the office. The owner of the factory was very angry when he told him why he was late. “Work is more important than football,” he shouted.Ⅳ. 聽對(duì)話, 選擇正確的答案。1. A: What do you think of English, Beth?B: I'm bored of it.2. A: Does white make us feel better?B: No, I think red can.3. A: Is your father strict with you, Maria?B: No, but my mother is.4. A: Are you anxious about waiting in line or falling behind others?B: Sorry, I'm not sure.5. A. Can the weather affect our moods?B: Yes, when it is rainy, we often feel worse.參考答案聽力部分Ⅰ.1~5 A C C B A Ⅱ.1~5 A C C B AⅢ.1~5 B C A B B Ⅳ.1~5 A B B C C筆試部分Ⅰ.A)1.theatre 2.forward 3.humerous 4.excellent 5.withoutB)1.again and again 2.dealing with 3. be satisfied with 4. must be 5. cheer upⅡ.1. A ring up 意為打電話， her是人稱代詞，需放在ring和up中間。2. D much too 用來修飾形容詞或副詞，too many修飾可數(shù)名詞，too much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。3. C Why not do sth. 固定句式，表示為什么不做……呢？4. D one…the other… 表示一個(gè)……，另一個(gè)……，用于指兩者。another用于三者或三者以上的另一個(gè)。Xk b 1.com5. C hundred 表示具體有幾百時(shí)，用單數(shù)；表示虛指時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)加of,意為成百上千的。6. D alone表示單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自； lonely 指精神上的孤獨(dú)，寂寞。7. A 修飾 somebody, something, somewhere 的形容詞需后置; anywhere 用于否定句和疑問句中。8. C 這是一個(gè)條件狀語從句。主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。9. C 表示很遺憾。10. C as… as… 是同級(jí)比較，應(yīng)用原級(jí)。 interested表示對(duì)……感興趣；interesting 表示有趣的。11. A 感嘆句的構(gòu)成是what a+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主謂。12. D a two-week做holiday的定語,表示一個(gè)兩周的假期,此為固定表達(dá)法。13. B 四個(gè)都表示”也”。但either用于否定句,其他三個(gè)用于肯定句。14. D hardly幾乎不; hard硬的、困難的；strong強(qiáng)壯的；heavily猛烈地。15. C each side 表示街的兩邊；every用于三者或三者以上。both指兩者，但side需用復(fù)數(shù)。Ⅲ. 1. not to 2.spent; working out 3. didn’t; until 4. so; that 5. what; likeⅣ. 1.so 2.anything 3.but 4.treated 5.unhappy 6.back 7. the best 8.welcome9. angrier 10. surprisedⅤ. 1. D 2. B 3. F 4. G 5. AⅥ. 1. A 根據(jù)上文“they are poor”，因此用no。2. A first of all 首先3. A 表國家很大，需開車4. B enjoy doing sth.5. C that 接表語從句6. B 主（人） spend some money doing sth.7. B by+交通工具8. C 第三個(gè)原因是……9. A wait for 等待10. A because 表示因?yàn)椤?(A)1.B 水像血液,文章第一句話提到。2.B 文章第二句話。3.A 第一段最后一句話。4. C 第二段第一句話。5. B 第二段第三句話。(B) 新 課 標(biāo) 第一網(wǎng)1. F 第一句話提到:香港交通工具靠左邊行駛。2. F 第二句話提到:與中國其他地區(qū)不同。3. T 第二段第三句。4. F 最后一段可知：需坐在第二層看全市的風(fēng)景。5. T 遵守香港的交通規(guī)則，正確。(C)1. D 參考第一段第一句2. D 參考第一段第二句3. D 參考第二段后半部分4. B 參考第三段第三句5. D 本題考查學(xué)生的概括能力，縱觀全文英語非常有用。Ⅷ.Dear Ann,How time flies! I miss you very much. Our school is very beautiful. But I have so many problems here. How I wish to get your advice!We have fifty-three students in our class. I like to be their friend, but they don’t seem to accept me. I try to join in all the activities. But no one wants to be my partner. It’s hard for me to fit in. The food is very hot. I can’t get used to the life here. I don’t know what I should do. I need your advice.Please write to me soon.Yours, Maria
篇6
2. less free time 更少的空閑時(shí)間(less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示否定)
3. in ten years 10年后(in的時(shí)間短語用于將來時(shí)，提問用How soon)
4. fall in love with… 愛上…
例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once
當(dāng)我第一次見到許老師，我立刻愛上他
5. live alone 單獨(dú)居住
6. feel lonely 感到孤獨(dú)(比較：live alone/go along等)
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩獨(dú)自沿著街道走，但她并不感到孤獨(dú)
7. keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬
8. fly to the moon 飛上月球
9. hundreds of +復(fù)數(shù) 數(shù)百/幾百(概數(shù)，類似還有thousands of; millions of)
10. the same as 和……相同
11. A be different from B A與B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
12. wake up 醒來(wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人”
13. get bored 變得厭倦(get/become是連系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等)
14. go skating 去滑冰(類似還有g(shù)o hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等)
15. lots of/a lot of 許多(修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞都可以)
16. at the weekends 在周末
17. study at home on computers 在家通過電腦學(xué)習(xí)
18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意見)
19. I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意
20. on a piece of paper 在一張紙上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可數(shù)名詞)
21. on vacation 度假
22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 幫助某人做某事
23. many different kinds of goldfish 許多不同種金魚
24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12樓
25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332號(hào)
26. as a reporter 作為一名記者
27. look smart 顯得精神/看起來聰明
28. Are you kidding? 你在騙我嗎
29. in the future 在將來/在未來
30. no more=not …anymore 不再(強(qiáng)調(diào)多次發(fā)生的動(dòng)作不再發(fā)生)I’ll go there no more.
31. no longer=not… any longer 不再(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生)
32. besides(除…之外還，包括)與except …but(除…之外，不包括)
33. be able to與can 能、會(huì)
l (be able to用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，而can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中;have to用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，而must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài))例如：
1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (不可以用can)
2. had to stay at home/ will have to (不可以用must)
34.be big and crowded 大而且擁擠
34. be in college 在上大學(xué)
35. live on a space station 住在空間站
36. dress casually 穿得很隨意casual clothing 休閑服飾
37. win the next World Cup 贏得世界杯 win award 獲僵
38. come true 變成現(xiàn)實(shí)
39. take hundreds of years 花幾百年的時(shí)間
40. be fun to watch 看起來有趣
41. over and over again 一次又一次
42. be in different shapes 形狀不同
43. twenty years from now 今后20年【本單元目標(biāo)句型】
1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?
2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.
l fewer; less表示否定之意，分別修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞;more二者都可以修飾。
3. Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。
4. Predicting the future can be difficult.
5. I need to look smart for my job interview.
6. I will be able to dress more casually.
7. I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.
【知識(shí)歸納】
形容詞，副詞的比較等級(jí)考查熱點(diǎn)透視：
a)表示A與B在程度上相同b)時(shí)，c) “as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。表示A不d)如B時(shí)，e)可用“not as/so+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。
f)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”時(shí)，g)可用“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)
h)表示三者或三者以上的比較，i)其中一個(gè)在程度上“最…..”時(shí)，j)常用“the+形容詞或副詞的級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，k)后面可帶“of/in的短語”來說明比較的范圍。(注意：副詞的級(jí)在句中常省略“the”.)
l)在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)前，m)可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等詞語來修飾，n)以加強(qiáng)語氣。
o)表示“越來越….”時(shí)，p)常用“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+and+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，q)但要注意，r)對(duì)于多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞，s)副詞而t)言，u)若要表達(dá)此意時(shí)，v)要用“more and more+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)“結(jié)構(gòu)。
w)在表示“其中最….之一“的含義時(shí)，x)常使用 “one of+the+形容詞級(jí)形式+名y)詞復(fù)z)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，aa)其中的定冠詞the不bb)可以省略。
cc)如果強(qiáng)調(diào)“兩者中比較…的(一個(gè))”的意思時(shí)，dd)可使用“the+形容詞比較級(jí)+其它”結(jié)構(gòu)。
ee)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)，ff)the+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。
2 .一般將來時(shí)
一般將來時(shí)的構(gòu)成：由助動(dòng)詞shall或will加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，shall用于第一人稱。在口語中，will在名詞或代詞后常簡(jiǎn)略為’ll， will not常簡(jiǎn)略為won’t。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定，否定和疑問結(jié)構(gòu)可表示如下：
肯定句否定句疑問句
I (We)shall(will) go.
You(He, She, They) will go.I(We)shall(will) not go.
You(He, She, They)will not go.Shall I(we) go?
Will you (he, she, they) go?
用”be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”也可表示將來時(shí)，表示將要發(fā)生的事，打算或決定要做的事。
b)一般將來時(shí)的用法：1)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況;2) 不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移，肯定要發(fā)生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是國慶日。
3. in/after:in是指以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“在一段時(shí)間以后”。也可以表示“在將來多少時(shí)間之內(nèi)”，句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般將來時(shí)態(tài);after常指以過去時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“一段時(shí)間之后”，所以它與過去時(shí)態(tài)連用。當(dāng)after指某個(gè)特定的未來時(shí)刻或日期之后，或指以將來某一時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的若干時(shí)間之后時(shí)，它可以與將來時(shí)態(tài)連用。
4.more, less, fewer的用法區(qū)別：more為many, much的比較級(jí)，意為“更多”，可修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。Less是little的比較級(jí)，意為“更好，較少”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Fewer是few的比較級(jí)，意為“更少”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
【注意】few, little表示否定“幾乎沒有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一點(diǎn)，幾個(gè)”。
5.would like sth意思為“想要某物“; would like to do意思為”想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑問句時(shí)，其肯定回答為 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “I’d like /love to, but….”
6. Such作形容詞，意思是“如此的”“這樣的”，修飾各種名詞。
Such這樣的。如It is such bad weather.天氣如此惡劣。
Such常和as搭配，表示一種類別。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我們喜歡象她那樣的嗓子。
Such常和表示結(jié)果的that從句搭配，表示“如此….以至于…”如
It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.
Such…that…和so…that…都可用來引出一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語從句。由于such是形容詞，所以that從句前有一個(gè)受such修飾的名詞;而so 是副詞，用以修飾形容詞或副詞，因此that從句前一般不出現(xiàn)名詞。如
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，such和so的位置不同：
such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞
so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞
如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或名詞復(fù)數(shù)，只可用such,不能用so.:
such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞
如果被修飾的不可數(shù)名詞被much, little, 或復(fù)數(shù)名詞被many, few等表示量的形容詞修飾時(shí)，用so，不用such.
當(dāng)little表示“年紀(jì)小的”時(shí)，可用such+little+名詞。
7.be able to 為“能，會(huì)”，表示能力，在這個(gè)意義上與can的意思相同，一般情況下兩者可以互換，但can只有現(xiàn)在式和過去式(could)而be able to則用于更多的時(shí)態(tài)，主要體現(xiàn)在be的變化。
兩者在用法上有一些差異：can (could)表示主觀能力不表示意愿，它的將來時(shí)用will be able to而 be able to表示主觀意愿強(qiáng)調(diào)克服困難做某事。【重點(diǎn)語法】
一般將來時(shí)
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：
1.含tomorrow; next短語; 2.in+段時(shí)間 ; 3.how soon;
4.by+將來時(shí)間; 5.by the time sb.do… 6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do
例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late
7.在時(shí)間/條件狀語從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來時(shí) 8.another day
比較be going to 與will:
be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。
如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而 will 則沒有這個(gè)意思，如：
She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它們的這些不同，你就能很好的區(qū)分be going to與will了。
be going to do (動(dòng)詞原形)結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.
will do 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來的用法：
1. 表示預(yù)見
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意圖
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本構(gòu)成如下：
一般疑問句構(gòu)成：
(1)will+主語+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
(2)there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句：Will there + be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t
否定句構(gòu)成：will + not (won’t)+do
Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑問句構(gòu)成：
特殊疑問詞+will+主語+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday?
根據(jù)例句，用will改寫下列各句
例：I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight)
_____________________________
2. I’m tired now. (sleep later)
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)
_____________________________
4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later)
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow)
_____________________________
篇7
一． 單項(xiàng)選擇（共15小題，計(jì)15分）( )1. — Where will you live? — I will live ________ a space station.A. at B. in C. on D. to( )2. There ________ an English film this evening. A. will B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have( )3. —What do you usually have for breakfast? —_______milk and _____eggs.A. A little；a few B. A little；a little C. A few；a little D.A few；a few( )4. Beijing is a very beautiful city. I fell in love ____ it when I came here. A. with B. at C. for D. as( )5.Though the old man lives _______, he doesn’t feel _________.A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely; lonely( )6. They have________ work today and they’ll have________ tomorrow.A. more；more B. much；much C. much；more D. many；more( )7. —When________ you _______here? —In a month.A. will；moving B. do；move C. will；move D. did；move( )8. There is ____ milk in this glass than in that one.A. less B. little C. least D. fewer( )9. I _______him as soon as he _______ back.A. will tell；will come B. tell；will come C. tell；comes D. will tell；comes( )10. He seems________. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. to happy( )11. We have to wear _____ uniform to school. A. a B. an C. the D. /( )12. _______ students went to the zoo last Sunday. A. Two hundred B. Two hundred of C. Hundreds C. Hundred of( )13. Japanese companies have already made robots _______. A. to walk and dance B. walking and dancing C. walk and dance D. walked and danced( )14. The prediction that computers will be used at home has __________. A. come over B. come true C. come along D. come out ( )15. —Do you think that there will be more trees in the mountain. —___ A. I hope so. B. I hope not. C. Oh, really? D. Yeah, there will be fewer trees. 二、完形填空。（共10小題，計(jì)15分）Robots seem very new to most people. And they have a long history. The 16 one was made by a Greek inventor (發(fā)明家). You may 17 robots in some films. The robots in these 18 are stronger, faster and cleverer like people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring 19 . Some people can’t look after 20 and robots are used to help them. For example, some people can’t see, many of these people use a 21 to help them move around. This dog is called a guide dog. 22 are making a robot to help them. In the future, robots dogs 23 take the place of (代替) these guide dogs.Robots are also 24 in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals 25 the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system (系統(tǒng)). In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human. They can help us in a lot of different ways. ( ) 16. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth( ) 17. A. look B. watch C. look for D. see( ) 18. A. factories B. apartments C. films D. programs( ) 19. A. chores B. homework C. housework D. jobs( ) 20. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them( ) 21. A. dog B. cat C. parrot D. panda( ) 22. A. Doctors B. Reporters C. Teachers D. Scientists( ) 23. A. must B. might C. have to D. have to( ) 24. A. used B. took C. made D. looked( ) 25. A. with B. to C. from D. for三．閱讀理解（共10小題，計(jì)20分）A Dear Anita, In your last letter you asked me about my plans for the future. .First, I will finish high school. Then I will go to college and study to be a doctor. I won’t get married right away because it takes a long time to become a doctor. I want to help sick people. I’m going to learn a lot about illness. Maybe I will find a treatment for cancer. I’ll be famous and I will become very rich. After I become a successful doctor, I’ll get married. I want to marry an interesting person. For example, my wife might be an artist .We will have a wonderful life together. I think we will have one or two children. Doctors get paid quite a lot so I think we will have a nice house. We will travel a lot. I want to visit Australia, Europe, and Africa. Are these plans, or dreams? Do they sound crazy to you? Write soon and tell me about your plans. Your friend Josh 根據(jù)短文判斷正誤26.Josh wants to become a doctor. ( ) 27.Josh wants to get married very soon. ( )28.Josh’s wife might do interesting work..( ) 29.Josh wants to have a lot of children. ( )30.Josh will travel to India.BDo you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future.The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (聽從) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (強(qiáng)大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (進(jìn)步).When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.( ) 31. The story happened (發(fā)生) in _____________. A. 2010 B. 2020 C. 2035 D. 2040( ) 32. The phrase “depend on” in this article means ____________. A. 依靠 B. 懸掛 C. 相信 D. 取決于( ) 33. Spooner is a __________ and Susan is a ___________. A. scientist; professor B. bank clerk; police officerC. policeman; doctor D. police officer; scientist( ) 34. Susan thinks that one day _____________.A. robots can’t get on well with humansB. robots will help human to make progress C. robots will have their own thoughts D. robots will control the world( ) 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article? A. The movie I, Robot talks about the future.B. People use their robots to do everything. C. A few robots want to get out of human’s control. D. At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again.四．詞匯運(yùn)用（共20小題，計(jì)20分）A．從方框內(nèi)選出單詞，用其適當(dāng)形式填空。每空格限填一詞，每詞限用一次。
36. It ________ me two hours to finish my homework every day.37. Let’s go _________ after school.38. There are many famous ________ in Shanghai Bund(上海灘).39. Yang Liwei is one of the best ________ in China.40. There _______ a big concert in our city this evening.41. There are many _________ about the relationship(關(guān)系) between the mainland and Taiwan.B．在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，詞首字母已給。In some science fiction movies，people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like h 42 .They help with the housework，and do the most u 43 jobs. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do s____44__ jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get b___45___. But robots will never get bored. In the future, there will be more robots e__46___and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have many different s__47___. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. We will never know what will happen in the future.C．用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。48. Maybe he wants to go _______(skate) tomorrow. 49. He makes his students________ (read) English every day. 50. It’s difficult for robots __________ (think) like humans. 51. I think there _______ (be) less books in the future because people will read on computers.52. Ten years ago students ________(go) to school on foot. 53. In ten years students _______ (take) cars to go to school.54. I need _______ (look) smart for my job interview.. 55. We are now _______(try) to learn English well.五．句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（共5小題，計(jì)10分）56. Sally played football yesterday. (改為一般將來時(shí)) Sally ______ ________ football tomorrow.57. I think he can finish doing the work on time.(改為同義句) I think he will ______ ______ _______ finish doing the work on time.58. There will be more people in our country. (改為否定句) _______ _______ _______ more people in our country.59. I will live in Shanghai in ten years.(就劃線部分提問)_______ _______ you live in ten years?60. Our team seems to win the game. (改為同義句) ______ _______ _______ our team will win the game.A. I also like watching sea-fish.B. Where should we meet?C. That’s wonderful!D. Where are you going this weekend?E. when do you plan to leave?F. Do you want to join us?G. I’ll see you then.六．補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（共5小題，計(jì)5分）A: Hi, Mary. 61 .B: Hi, Jack. I’m going to the beach with some friends. 62A: Yeah, that sounds fun. Which beach are you going to?B: We’re thinking about driving to the beach in Qingdao. I like driving, and 63 A: That sounds great! 64B: Well, we are setting off (出發(fā)) at about six o’clock on Friday.A: Great! 65 61_________ 62__________ 63__________ 64___________ 65___________ 七．書面表達(dá)（計(jì)15分）寫作要求：我喜歡英語，我想在10年以后當(dāng)位英語老師。我要盡可能教好我的學(xué)生。我要盡量用英語講課。我要努力使我的課講得生動(dòng)有趣。另外，我們都喜歡聽老師講故事，所以我要經(jīng)常給學(xué)生講英語故事，使他們對(duì)英語感興趣，從而能提高他們的聽力。我相信我能成為一個(gè)好老師的。詞數(shù)：80左右。
一．單項(xiàng)選擇 1-5 CCAAB 6-10 CCADB 11-15 AACBA二、完形填空。16-20 ADBDC 21-25 ADBAC三．閱讀理解26-30 TFFFF 31-35 CADBB四．詞匯運(yùn)用36. takes 37. swimming 38. buildings 39. astronauts 40. will be 41. predictions42. humans 43. unpleasant 44. simple 45. bored 46. everywhere 47. shapes48.skating 49. read 50. to think 51. will be 52. went 53. will go 54. to look 55. trying五．句型轉(zhuǎn)換。56. will play 57. be able to 58. There won’t be 59. Where will 60. It seems that六．補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 61-65 DFAEG七．書面表達(dá) One possible versionI like English. I want to be an English teacher in ten years. I'll teach my students as well as possible. I'll give my lessons in as much English as I can. I'll try my best to make my lessons lively and interesting. Besides, we all like listening to stories. So I'll try often to tell my students stories in English, so that they'll be interested in English and can improve their listening. I believe that I can become a good teacher.
篇8
Target language： What’s wrong with you？
I have a….
You should/ shouldn’t/ had better/ had better not….
2. Ability Objects
Reading， writing and speaking skills
Comprehensive competence
3. Moral object
Smile at life. Be happy to be healthy.
Ⅱ. Teaching difficult and key points
The target language.
Ⅲ. Teaching procedures
Step Ⅰ： Warm-up
“That’s me” game. Give the students some sentences. If they are ture for them， they should stand up and say “That’s me”.
Step Ⅱ：Review
A： Brainstorming
Ask students to retell the names of illnesses.
B： Giving advice
Giving the right advice according to all kinds of illnesses.
C： Oral practice
Ask students to make conversations.
Step Ⅲ： Presentation
A： Listen and answer the questions.
⑴What’s wrong with Bruce？
He has a headache and a cough.
⑵How long has he been like this？
He has been like this for two days.
B： Listen again and fill in the blanks.
S： Hey， Bruce. You look pale. What’s the matter？
B： Well， I am feeling terrible！ I have a headache and a cough.
S： I’m sorry to hear that. How long have you been like this？
B： Two days.
S： Maybe you have a cold. You’d better go to see a doctor.
B： I think I will.
S： Shall I take you to the hospital？
B： No， thank you. I’ll go home and rest now， and then see a doctor tomorrow.
C： Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
There is something wrong with Bruce. He feels terrible. He has a headache and a cough. And he has been like this for two days. Steve suggests（建議） that he had better go to see a doctor.
Step Ⅳ： Pair work
Make conversations after the example.
Example：
I have a sore throat. What should I do？
You’d better drink hot tea with honey.
You shouldn’t eat hot food.
Step Ⅴ： Project
How to make ourselves/ our good friends/ teachers/ parents keep away from illness and healthy？
Ask the students to write a letter.
Example：
Dear…，
I think you are too tired these days.
You should eat/drink… and have a good sleep. You’d better not….
It will make you feel better.
I love you forever.
Yours….
Step Ⅵ： Sing a song with the rhythm of The Day You Went Away.
What’s wrong with you？
I have a fever.
You should drink plenty of boiled water and have a sleep.
What’s wrong with you？
I have a sore throat.
You should drink hot tea with honey and take a rest.
You should do some morning exercise.
And change your bad habits.
Hey， smile at your life， and be happy to be healthy，then you will be happy.
Step Ⅶ： Homework
Write a letter to your friends who is ill.
Give him/ her some advice.
Step Ⅷ： Blackboard design
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy
Topic 2 You should go to see a dentist（Section B）
pale A： What's wrong with you？
terrible B： I have a….
been A： You should/ shouldn't/
had better had better/ had better
had better not not…
StepⅨ：教學(xué)反思
篇9
2. When the t______lights are red, you must stop and wait.
3. Look! It’s raining outside. You’d better put on your raincoat or take an u______ .
4. ―It’s fine today.
―I think so. At l______it’s warm.
5. There were so many nice things here， so I couldn’t decide which one to c ______ as a birthday gift for my mom.
6. N______Li Lei nor Liu Mei is in the classroom now.
7. The old man q______likes collecting coins.
8. When did you r______from Australia?
9. Did you r______her letter the day before yesterday?
10. We must keep our classroom c______every day.
B) 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空｡
1. We all know that France is a______(Europe) country.
2. There are different food cultures between China and______(west) countries.
3. Several______(Russia) came to our school last week.
4. “Excuse me, can I take this seat?” he said to the young woman______
(polite).
5. At______(one) I didn’t like him, but now I do.
6. I want to make______(friend) with you.
7. What are those______(child) doing over there?
8. Let’s listen to his______(suggest).
9. There are a lot of______(mouse) in the old house.
10. The young man fell______(sleep) as soon as he lay down.
C) 用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空｡
take away, run out of, be interested in, in order to, more than, wait in line, at last, take care, put out, get annoyed
1. Mr Johnson______Beijing Opera very much.
2. You must______ when you go shopping.
3. When did the firemen______ the fire?
4. There are______ two hundred people present at the meeting.
5. We can’t buy that doll because we have______ money.
6. These shoes are dirty. Please______ them______.
7. I will______ when other people cut in line.
8.______ we finished the work on time.
9.______ not to break the glass on the table.
10.______ improve your English, you must study hard.
Ⅱ. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. Jack is sleeping. You should turn______ the music.
A. on B. low C. down D. little
2. The book fell______ the table onto the floor.
A. on B. of C. off D. over
3. ―I can’t find the book______ from the library now.
―So you should______ it.
A. lent, return B. borrowed, buy
C. lent, buy D. borrowed, pay for
4. If you______ well______ English, you’ll easily find a job.
A. will do, at B. do, in
C. will do, in D. do, at
5. I can’t______ his name. Can you______ me of it again?
A. remember, remind B. forget, remind
C. remind, remind D. know, remember
6. ―What did the mother say?
―She said they______ take her children______ her.
A. can’t, from B. couldn’t, away
C. didn’t, away D. couldn’t, away from
7. We have______ running for two hours. When shall we stop, sir?
A. been practising B. practise
C. practised D. practising
8. ―Would you mind______ the window? It’s too cold here.
―OK. I’ll do it right away.
A. to open B. opening C. closing D. to close
9. When I was walking past the window, I saw Ben______ my homework. I really got______.
A. copying, annoy B. copying, annoyed
C. was copying, annoy D. is copying, annoyed
10. I don’t think they are too personal,______?
A. don’t I B. are they C. aren’t they D. do I
11. It’s just three days______ her grandma died.
A. since B. until C. before D. for
12. Li Fang said she was______ in the______ stories.
A. interesting, interesting B. interested, interesting
C. interested, interested D. interesting, interested
13. He has looked for it______, but he can’t find it______. How sad he is!
A. everywhere, everywhere B. anywhere, anywhere
C. everywhere, anywhere D. somewhere, anywhere
14. Who’s______ my dinner?There’s nothing left and I’m so hungry.
A. eating B. eaten C. been eating D. eats
15. There will be______ water and______ trees in our village. How can we live here?
A. little, fewer B. less, less
C. more, fewer D. less, fewer
Ⅲ. 漢譯英根據(jù)漢語句子,完成英語句子｡每空填一詞｡
1. 你認(rèn)為我們的學(xué)校怎么樣?
______do you_________ _________our school?
2. 我們學(xué)校至少有1,500名學(xué)生｡
______are_________ _________1，500 students in our school.
3. 昨天我們舉辦了家宴｡
Yesterday we________ _______ ________ _______.
4. 中國人對(duì)外國客人很友好｡
Chinese______ always__________ ________ foreign guests.
5. 如果你今天下午陪著我,明天我就跟你一起去｡
If you_________ ________ _______me this afternoon, I will go with you tomorrow.
Ⅳ. 完成對(duì)話將下列句子重新排序,使其成為一段意思通順的對(duì)話｡
A. The story was very interesting, wasn’t it?
B. Yes, they are. If the people are friendly to them, the animals are also friendly to the people.
C. Did you watch TV last night?
D. I like watching it, too. The animals are very interesting, aren’t they?
E. Yes, I did.
F. I don’t think so. I’m afraid of fight thrillers. I like funny stories.
G. That’s true. I wish the animals and we will live in a harmonious world.
H. I don’t like funny stories. I like science. So I like to watch “Animal World”.
Ⅴ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫下列句子｡每空填一詞｡
1. They talked on and on until eleven last night.(改為同義句)
They_________ __________ __________ _______until eleven last night.
2. Go across the bridge, and you’ll see the hotel.(改為同義句)
______the______, and you’ll see the hotel.
3. You gave me much help. Thank you.(將兩句合并成一句)
Thank you_________ _________me.
4. He told me， “I got to school at seven today.”(改為間接引語)
He said______ got to school at seven______ day.
5. I have taught English in this school for one year.(改為同義句)
I______ to teach English in this school______ year.
Ⅵ. 完形填空
It is well-known that the English go out with an umbrella or a raincoat. Why? 1 the weather in Britain often changes quickly. It is not very usual for the same kind of weather to 2 long.
Spring can be rainy or windy, 3 the weather is getting warmer, you can have more sunny days. In fact there 4 as much sunshine in spring as in summer. Summer is 5 time for visitors to go to the seaside and other places of interest(名勝). The weather can be sunny. People often go out to have a walk or swim. Autumn is a beautiful season, 6 trees and parks changing colors. During autumn it is still nice to be outside, too. In winter, it gets colder. It might snow, especially(尤其) on high land in the north. It is 7 very windy in this season.
January and February are the coldest 8 of the year, while the warmest 9 often July and August. The difference 10 temperature between winter and summer is not so great in Britain. The average(平均) temperature of winter is about 4.5℃, and summer is about 15.5℃.
1. A. For B. As C. Because D. Since
2. A. make B. stay C. change D. take
3. A. but B. and C. or D. for
4. A. can B. can be C. have D. can have
5. A. the earliest B. the latest C. the worst D. the best
6. A. with B. like C. without D. from
7. A. also B. too C. either D. as well
8. A. seasons B. weather C. months D. days
9. A. is B. are C. was D. were
10. A. for B. on C. by D. in
Ⅶ. 閱讀理解
(A)
A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his own language by remembering what he hears when he is a small child, and some children――like boys and girls who live abroad with their parents――seem to learn two languages almost as easily as one. In school it is not easy to learn a second language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.
Our mind is rather like a camera, but it takes photos not only of what we see but also of what we feel, hear, smell and taste. When we take a real photo with a camera, there is much to do before the photo is finished and ready to show to our friends. In the same way there is much work to do before we can keep a picture forever(永遠(yuǎn)) in our mind. Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us.
1. We usually begin to learn our own language by______ it.
A. speaking B. hearing C. saying D. teaching
2. If you have a good______, you’ll have less difficulty in learning something.
A. teacher B. camera C. memory D. family
3. The children who live abroad with their parents can learn two languages more easily because______.
A. they are very clever
B. they have good teachers
C. they have more chances to use these languages
D. they have a better life
4.______ can take photos of what can be seen, felt, heard, smelt and tasted.
A. A camera B. Memory C. A diary D. A man’s mind
5. Memory is______ that we keep in our mind and carry about with us.
A. the best diary B. the best camera
C. a great help D. a beautiful picture
(B)
Peter lived in a small town near London. He always traveled to London for his holiday. But last year he thought, “I’ve never been to (1) countries. All my friends have been to Spain, Spain first.”
He flew to Spain and stayed in a hotel for a night. The next morning he went out for a walk. In England people drive on the left, but in Spain people drive on the right. Peter was surprised to see that, but in no time, he forgot where he was. When he was crossing the street, a bike knocked him down(2).
Peter lay on the ground for a few minutes, and when he came back to life(3), he asked， “Where am I?” An old man was selling maps at the side of the street, and he at once ran to Peter and said, “Map of city, sir?”
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成下面的任務(wù):
1. 在劃線(1)處填上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~:______
2. 在短文中找出符合下列英文釋義的單詞｡
(1)______ to go from place to place
(2)______ a day or time of rest from work
(3)______ not ever; not at any time
(4)______ go to seeor a place
3. 從短文中找出right away的同義詞組:
(1)______(2)______
4. 寫出短文中劃線(2)和(3)兩處句子的漢語意思:
(2)______
(3)______
5. 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,完成下列句子:
In Spain people drive on the______, but in England people drive on the______.
6. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問題｡
(1) How did Peter go to Spain?
(2) How long did Peter lie on the ground?
7. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案｡
(1) Peter was______.
A. an Englishman B. a Frenchman
C. a German D. an American
(2) Peter was knocked down by a bike because______.
A. he knew nothing about the traffic rules in Spain
B. he was too old to cross the road
C. he thought he was still in his own country
D. the man rode the bike too fast
(3) The old man ran to Peter quickly because______.
A. he wanted to help Peter
B. he thought Peter had died
C. he had knocked Peter down
D. he wanted to sell his map
Ⅷ. 書面表達(dá)
假設(shè)你是John,你的網(wǎng)友George 在給你的e-mail中告訴你,他非常喜歡上網(wǎng),而他父母認(rèn)為中學(xué)生上網(wǎng)不是一件好事,不讓他上網(wǎng)｡他很氣憤｡請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示,給他回一封e-mail, 勸慰他,并告訴他你對(duì)上網(wǎng)的看法｡
提示詞語:get annoyed with, worry about,
surf the Internet, learn from,
on a line, Would you mind not...? hope
Key:
Ⅰ. A) 1. alone2. traffic3. umbrella4. least5. choose
6. Neither7. quite8. return9. receive10. clean
B) 1. European2. western3. Russians4. politely5. first
6. friends7. children8. suggestion9. mice10. asleep
C) 1. is interested in2. wait in line3. put out4. more than
5. run out of6. take, away7. get annoyed8. At last
9. Take care10. In order to
Ⅱ. 1-5 CCDBA6-10 DACBB11-15 ABCBD
Ⅲ. 1. What, think, of2. There, at, least3. had, a, family, dinner
4. are, friendly, to5. come, along, with
Ⅳ. CEAFHDBG
Ⅴ. 1. did, not, stop, talking2. Cross, bridge3. for, helping
4. he, this5. began, last
Ⅵ. 1-5 CBBBD6-10 AACBD
Ⅶ. A) 1-5 BCCDA
B) 1. foreign
2. (1) travel (2) holiday (3) never (4) visit
3. (1) at once (2) in no time
4. (2) 當(dāng)他穿過大街的時(shí)候,一輛自行車把他撞倒了｡
(3) 當(dāng)他蘇醒過來的時(shí)候
5. right, left
6. (1) He went to Spain by plane / air.
(2) He lay on the ground for a few minutes.
7. (1) A (2) C (3) D
Ⅷ. One possible version:
Dear George,
You said you were unhappy. I’m very sorry to hear that. Don’t get annoyed with your parents. They are only worried about you.
I also like surfing the Internet. Is it a good thing or a bad thing? I think that depends on us ourselves. If we can learn from each other and learn some knowledge on the line, it is a good thing. So, would you mind not playing games or surfing too much on a line?
篇10
農(nóng)村小學(xué)缺乏師資開設(shè)英語課，到了初中很多學(xué)生沒過好字母關(guān)，更不要說音標(biāo)了，也就更談不上根據(jù)音標(biāo)拼讀單詞、朗讀句子。
2. 教材難度加大，內(nèi)容增多。
新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的八年級(jí)教材內(nèi)容多，語法知識(shí)編排松散，詞匯增多，很多學(xué)生記憶單詞力不從心。由于單詞未掌握扎實(shí)，聽課、做作業(yè)受到嚴(yán)重影響，朗讀、熟讀甚至背誦更困難。
3. 教學(xué)方法單一，上課進(jìn)度快。
受到中考指揮棒和學(xué)校根據(jù)成績(jī)給教師排名等的影響，許多教師在課堂上忙于講語言點(diǎn)、安排練習(xí)，卻舍不得花時(shí)間開展學(xué)生感興趣的活動(dòng)，更不愿嘗試新的教學(xué)方法，致使學(xué)生上課越來越覺得無趣。
4. 學(xué)生沒有良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和策略。
部分學(xué)生不能根據(jù)拼寫規(guī)則和語音規(guī)則記單詞，只是靠死記硬背；做練習(xí)和測(cè)試時(shí)，不會(huì)分析和理解等等。
二、對(duì)策
1.創(chuàng)設(shè)情境，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。
法國著名教育家盧梭說過：“教學(xué)應(yīng)讓學(xué)生從生活中、從各種活動(dòng)中進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，通過與生活實(shí)際相聯(lián)系，獲得直接經(jīng)驗(yàn)，主動(dòng)地進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)。”通過創(chuàng)設(shè)情境、實(shí)物展示，激發(fā)學(xué)生無意識(shí)心理活動(dòng)的潛能，使他們思想集中、精神振奮、主動(dòng)地投入到學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)中。
下面是人教版七年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 7 How much are these pants? Section A 教學(xué)片段。
(教師以講臺(tái)作為“服裝柜臺(tái)”，拿出一些衣服進(jìn)行實(shí)物展示）
T：（教師拿起一件毛衣)This is a sweater.(“A sweater.”教師重復(fù)并板書“sweater”在黑板上）
Ss:(學(xué)生重復(fù)說三遍)Sweater. This is a sweater.
T:（利用實(shí)物展示以同樣的方法指導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)） Tshirt, pants, shorts, socks, shoes,bag,hat,skirt （板書到黑板上）
2.開展活動(dòng)，讓學(xué)生在學(xué)中用，在用中學(xué)。
在教學(xué)中，教師依據(jù)教材內(nèi)容和學(xué)生實(shí)際，開展活動(dòng)，讓學(xué)生在一個(gè)真實(shí)的語言環(huán)境中，更具體、更直觀地感受、體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)的樂趣，在活動(dòng)中感知、理解、運(yùn)用英語知識(shí)。例如：
教師安排學(xué)生同桌兩人一組，指著自己的衣服介紹。
S1：This is a sweater. S2：This is a Tshirt.
教師抽查幾組學(xué)生，讓學(xué)生介紹自己的穿著。
S1：This is a sweater.
S2：This is a shirt.
教師參與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)，要求四人一組介紹或提問同學(xué)的著裝。
S1：What’s this in English?
S2：This is a sweater.
3.情景再現(xiàn)，深入探究，拓展知識(shí)。
在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)熱情高漲、生詞掌握得較好時(shí)，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生探究如何買賣這些衣服。
T：How much is this sweater? (衣服外都貼有標(biāo)價(jià))
S1：It’s six dollars.
T：How much are these socks?
S2：They’re two dollars.
教師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論如何問價(jià)格、如何回答，注意人民幣和美元的復(fù)數(shù)的使用區(qū)別。然后安排學(xué)生兩人一組模擬購物情境操練句型：
How much is...? It’s... How much are...? They’re...
4.建立學(xué)習(xí)互助小組。
讓班里英語成績(jī)差的學(xué)生與成績(jī)好的學(xué)生“結(jié)對(duì)子”，組合成一組，相互督促、相互幫助地讀單詞、記單詞、默單詞、背課文等。成績(jī)好的學(xué)生還可在學(xué)習(xí)方法上給學(xué)困生指導(dǎo)，也可以帶他們朗讀、課后演練對(duì)話等。
5.關(guān)愛和親近學(xué)生。
蘇霍姆林斯基說：“教師不僅要成為一個(gè)教育者，而且要成為學(xué)生的朋友，和他們一起感受快樂和憂愁。”對(duì)于英語學(xué)困生，教師應(yīng)從他們感興趣的話題入手，多與他們聊聊天，建立和諧的朋友式的師生關(guān)系，讓他們感到溫暖。不管在課上或課外都給學(xué)生多些寬容和鼓勵(lì)，讓學(xué)生覺得教師是真心實(shí)意為他們好，這樣他們會(huì)對(duì)英語學(xué)習(xí)越來越起勁。
篇11
1 月 28 日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第三四單元。
1 月 29日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第五六單元。
1 月 30 日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第七八單元。
1 月 31日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第一二單元。
2月 1 日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第三四單元。
2月 2日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第五六單元。
2月 3 日： 復(fù)習(xí)七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第七八單元。
2月 4 日： 復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第一二單元。
2月 5 日： 復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第三四單元。
2月 6 日：復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第五六單元。
2月 7 日：復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)第七八單元。
2月 8 日：復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第一二單元。
2月 9 日：復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第三四單元。
2月 10日：復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第五六單元。
2月 18 日：復(fù)習(xí)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第七八單元。
第二階段：復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)語法
2 月 19 日：復(fù)習(xí)記憶人稱代詞的主格和賓格。（抄寫并背誦記憶）
2 月 20 日：復(fù)習(xí)記憶形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。（抄寫并背誦記憶）
2 月 21日：復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句（that從句、if/whether從句、what等特殊疑問式從句）。（閱讀復(fù)習(xí)）
2 月 22日：復(fù)習(xí)定語從句。（that、which、who引導(dǎo)）（閱讀復(fù)習(xí)）
2 月 23 日： 復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句。（時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語）（閱讀復(fù)習(xí)）
第三階段：綜合練習(xí)
2 月 24日：
2 月 25 日： 做中考3602020年山西省中考考前適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練NO1
2 月 27日：完成（筆試部分）
篇12
僅僅依靠模型教學(xué)在每一個(gè)具體數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用題的應(yīng)用而達(dá)成方程模型教學(xué)目標(biāo)，我認(rèn)為不是高效的教學(xué)，學(xué)生往往會(huì)有無所適從的感覺，抽象的跨度偏大。當(dāng)我們一提到分式方程模型的時(shí)候，學(xué)生如果有列分式方程解工程問題的題型教學(xué)的具體過渡形態(tài)浮現(xiàn)在腦海中，我想比直接浮現(xiàn)抽象的方程模型流程更容易些吧。
我國古代數(shù)學(xué)的主要特征之一就是“算法化數(shù)學(xué)思想”。算法不只是單純的計(jì)算，而是指為了解決一整類實(shí)際問題而設(shè)計(jì)或概括出來的、帶有一般性的、更廣泛的一類操作方法。算法又有特殊算法和通用算法之分。針對(duì)某一具體問題而設(shè)計(jì)的算法稱為特殊算法，針對(duì)一類問題而設(shè)計(jì)的算法稱為通用算法。通常我們說算法能解決一類問題，并能重復(fù)使用，是對(duì)通用算法而言。我國數(shù)學(xué)教師所普遍采用的數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用題題型教學(xué)某種程度上正是對(duì)“算法化數(shù)學(xué)思想”的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，實(shí)踐證明也是高效的，是我國扎實(shí)的“雙基教學(xué)”的一部分，不能、也不應(yīng)該給予徹底否定！
但是，題型過多過濫，缺乏典型性、代表性等問題在數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)實(shí)踐中確實(shí)大量存在，造成了過度的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。
解決這個(gè)難題，我認(rèn)為是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)工程，不能單純依靠數(shù)學(xué)教師改變教學(xué)方法。我國一線數(shù)學(xué)教師的代表、數(shù)學(xué)課程專家和應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的數(shù)學(xué)家等應(yīng)借鑒“要素主義”教育哲學(xué)觀點(diǎn)和德國“范例教學(xué)”的思路，針對(duì)中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)方程模型教學(xué)的具體內(nèi)容和目標(biāo)，精選代表題型，在教科書中通過典型范例和習(xí)題體現(xiàn)通用算法。在此基礎(chǔ)上再進(jìn)一步在單元復(fù)習(xí)中歸納抽象方程模型。同時(shí)，還要用好考試指揮棒，引導(dǎo)廣大一線數(shù)學(xué)教師重視基礎(chǔ)性、代表性和典型性，抓住幾個(gè)典型題型的教學(xué)形成幾種通用算法，首先體現(xiàn)數(shù)學(xué)的應(yīng)用，其次再進(jìn)一步提升抽象出方程模型思路能夠解決更多的相關(guān)問題。
以下教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)是我在數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)用題教學(xué)實(shí)踐中的一點(diǎn)嘗試，重點(diǎn)在分式方程模型教學(xué)中的審題環(huán)節(jié)采用了列表分析法，使這類問題的審題找等量關(guān)系列分式方程有了可操作的模式。但在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中，總感覺對(duì)有些分式方程應(yīng)用題并不總是能適用，對(duì)有些題型還是應(yīng)該有不同的或特殊的分析模式，以此作為方程題型教學(xué)是達(dá)成方程模型教學(xué)目標(biāo)的不可或缺的過程的一個(gè)例證。
教學(xué)目標(biāo)：
1.會(huì)將實(shí)際問題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)模型，能用列表法分析問題，尋找等量關(guān)系、恰當(dāng)選設(shè)未知數(shù)、確定主要等量關(guān)系、用含未知數(shù)的分式或整式表示數(shù)量關(guān)系等；
2.掌握列分式方程解應(yīng)用題的一般步驟
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：
掌握列表分析問題的方法，恰當(dāng)選設(shè)未知數(shù)，確定主要等量關(guān)系，列出分式方程并進(jìn)行解答，解釋解的合理性，把實(shí)際問題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)模型是教學(xué)重點(diǎn)；
尋找等量關(guān)系、恰當(dāng)選設(shè)未知數(shù)、確定主要等量關(guān)系、列出分式方程是教學(xué)難點(diǎn)。
教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備：
課件準(zhǔn)備、學(xué)案準(zhǔn)備
教學(xué)過程設(shè)計(jì)：
一、做一做（出示課件）
某單位將沿街的一部分房屋出租.每間房屋的租金第二年比第一年多500元,所有房屋的租金第一年為9.6萬元,第二年為10. 2萬元.
分析：
⑴你能找出這一情境中的等量關(guān)系嗎?
⑵根據(jù)這一情境你能提出哪些問題?
（根據(jù)上述列表讓學(xué)生提出求解的問題）
①第一年每間房屋租金是多少？
②第二年每間房屋租金是多少？
③每年的租房數(shù)是多少？
（恰當(dāng)選設(shè)未知數(shù)，根據(jù)與未知數(shù)直接相關(guān)的等量關(guān)系寫“設(shè)… ，則… ”，另一個(gè)等量關(guān)系確定為主要等量關(guān)系列方程。出示課件，完整展示列分式方程解應(yīng)用題的一般步驟）
（改變未知數(shù)設(shè)法，列出分式方程，對(duì)比解法1、解法2和解法3三種選設(shè)未知數(shù)的方法解題的優(yōu)劣，選擇最優(yōu)化解法，體會(huì)恰當(dāng)選設(shè)未知數(shù)的作用）
小結(jié)：（先讓學(xué)生總結(jié)思路過程，再出示課件予以規(guī)范）
解分式方程應(yīng)用題的一般思路過程：
分析過程：
（一）審
(1)讀題找基本關(guān)系
(2)劃分幾個(gè)不同事件過程
(3)分別在每一事件中明確已知和未知
(4)聯(lián)系關(guān)系量和題意理解找等量關(guān)系
（二）設(shè) 1.直接設(shè)法；2.間接設(shè)法
一般根據(jù)與求解未知數(shù)直接相關(guān)的等量關(guān)系寫“設(shè)… ，則… ”;
（三）列 根據(jù)另一個(gè)等量關(guān)系列方程
解答過程：
（四）解解方程過程要注意解答正確
（五）驗(yàn)1.檢驗(yàn)計(jì)算是否正確
2. 分式方程要檢驗(yàn)是否是增根
3.檢驗(yàn)方程的解是否符合實(shí)際題意
（六）答 怎么問就怎么答，答案要寫完整。
反思過程：
1.問題解決的關(guān)鍵在哪里？要注意哪些細(xì)節(jié)？
2.問題解決還有其他方法嗎？哪種方法更簡(jiǎn)潔？
3.可劃歸為哪一類問題？能進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系拓展嗎？…
三、課堂練習(xí)：
小明和同學(xué)一起去書店買書，他們先用15元買了一種科普書，又用15元買了一種文學(xué)書。科普書的價(jià)格比文學(xué)書高出一半，因此他們所買的科普書比所買的文學(xué)書少一本。這種科普書和這種文學(xué)書的價(jià)格各是多少？
（學(xué)生在練習(xí)題紙上完成，一生板書，教師巡視指導(dǎo)，出示課件糾錯(cuò)）
（引導(dǎo)學(xué)生反思解題過程：關(guān)鍵步驟；簡(jiǎn)便解法；題型歸類等）
四、當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)：
甲乙兩地相距360千米，新修的高速公路開通后，在甲、乙兩地間行駛的長(zhǎng)途客運(yùn)車平均車速提高了50%，而從甲地到乙地的時(shí)間縮短了2小時(shí).試確定原來的平均車速.
分析:（學(xué)生在練習(xí)題紙上完成，一生板書，教師巡視指導(dǎo)，出示課件，回顧列分式方程解應(yīng)用題的一般思路過程和一般解題步驟）
五、課堂總結(jié)：
分式方程應(yīng)用題的解題思路
分析過程：
（一）審：1.已知；2.求解；3.等量關(guān)系
（二）設(shè)：（1）直接設(shè)法（2）間接設(shè)法
（三）列：根據(jù)主要等量關(guān)系列分式方程
解答過程：
（四）解：規(guī)范、正確、熟練
（五）驗(yàn)：計(jì)算正確；排除增根；符合實(shí)際題意
（六）答：回答完整
反思過程：關(guān)鍵步驟；簡(jiǎn)便解法；題型歸類等
六、作業(yè)：
A層：課本：
P94習(xí)題3.8問題解決1、2、3
新課堂：P641、2
B層：新課堂：P66走進(jìn)生活
板書設(shè)計(jì)：
篇13
教師、教材、教學(xué)設(shè)備是辦好學(xué)校、培養(yǎng)好學(xué)生的三大要素，教材建設(shè)是整個(gè)教育工作的重要組成部分（于國華，1996）。教科書在學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)過程中扮演者重要的角色，因此從社會(huì)語言學(xué)的角度研究教材中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象具有重要的意義。如果教科書中存在性別歧視現(xiàn)象，會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知產(chǎn)生不良影響。本文所研究的性別歧視是狹義的性別歧視，即是對(duì)女性的性別歧視，因?yàn)閺V義上的性別歧視還包括對(duì)男性的性別歧視。通過運(yùn)用定量分析和文本分析的方法探究教材中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象，為以后教材的編寫與審定避免性別歧視等有一定的意義。
二、文獻(xiàn)綜述
潘建（2001）通過列舉大量的實(shí)例，將英漢語言中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象做了對(duì)比研究，以體現(xiàn)英漢語言中的性別歧視的差異。高月琴（2008）在研究英漢語言性別歧視現(xiàn)象是否呈減弱趨勢(shì)時(shí)，主要通過對(duì)比20世紀(jì)60年代與90年代以后出版的美國《讀者文摘》各300篇文章的語言及內(nèi)容。曾天山（1995）在研究男女在角色數(shù)量、職業(yè)特點(diǎn)等方面存在顯著差別的是，通過研究人教版小學(xué)語文和中學(xué)英語教材中的性別歧視現(xiàn)象。李曉惠、周民（2004）則選取了《大學(xué)英語》精讀練習(xí)題中體現(xiàn)出的語言性別歧視現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了研究。
以上的研究都是通過大量的實(shí)例來分析的，但是沒有從語言與認(rèn)知的角度進(jìn)行分析這一現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因，以及對(duì)避免這一現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生提出合理化的建議。本文通過對(duì)新版人教版的初中英語課本八年級(jí)上冊(cè)和八年級(jí)下冊(cè)研究，試從語言與思維的關(guān)系層面分析產(chǎn)生歧視的原因（注：因?yàn)榘四昙?jí)和九年級(jí)的學(xué)生相對(duì)于七年級(jí)的學(xué)生來講認(rèn)知有了一定的基礎(chǔ)，而且在七年級(jí)的書本中主要側(cè)重的是對(duì)話，可供選擇的文本材料太少。）。
三、研究方法
運(yùn)用定量分析和文本分析兩種方法，對(duì)全國中小學(xué)教材審定委員會(huì)2003年初審?fù)ㄟ^的義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書英語（新目標(biāo)）STUDENTS’BOOK的，八年級(jí)上冊(cè)、八年級(jí)下冊(cè)和九年級(jí)全冊(cè)的教科書進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)。在內(nèi)容方面主要統(tǒng)計(jì)：男女作為主角和在插圖中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)。并用Microsoft Excel 2007對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)。在文本方面，主要選取了八年級(jí)上冊(cè)，八年級(jí)下冊(cè)和九年級(jí)全冊(cè)中每個(gè)單元的section B部分的3a的小文章進(jìn)行分析統(tǒng)計(jì)。通過分析統(tǒng)計(jì)的結(jié)果來看在文章的語言方面是否存在歧視現(xiàn)象。
四、結(jié)果分析
在內(nèi)容方面，統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果如下：
表1 初中英語教科書杰出人物性別統(tǒng)計(jì)表
表2 初中英語教科書插圖中性別統(tǒng)計(jì)表
在文本分析中本文主要選取了八年級(jí)上冊(cè)、八年級(jí)下冊(cè)和九年級(jí)全冊(cè)中每個(gè)單元的section B部分的3a的小文章進(jìn)行分析。
（一）表示職業(yè)的詞。
在談?wù)撃行院团月殬I(yè)的時(shí)候，男性的職業(yè)多側(cè)重于醫(yī)生、司機(jī)等，而女性的職業(yè)多側(cè)重于護(hù)士、導(dǎo)購員、服務(wù)員和家庭主婦。
（二）據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在教科書中，表示女性職業(yè)的詞出現(xiàn)了許多次，如：用he或者man來通稱男女兩性這一現(xiàn)象，在人教版教科書中有明顯體現(xiàn)，如：
He said I was hard-working.（Unit 4，第八冊(cè)下）
He who would do great things should not attempt them all alone.（Unit 5，Self Check 2；第九冊(cè)）
It might be a man riding a horse.（Review of Units 1-5，2a；第九冊(cè)）
五、避免性別歧視現(xiàn)象的合理化建議
語言作為人們相互交流的工具，要消除在語言的交流中所產(chǎn)生的性別歧視現(xiàn)象是很困難的。但是我們可以從多個(gè)方面對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象，予以避免是可能的。首先在教材的編寫中應(yīng)該盡量避免此類問題的出現(xiàn)；其次在教材的審定過程中，應(yīng)該特別注意到這種現(xiàn)象的存在；最后教師作為傳到授業(yè)解惑者，應(yīng)該在教學(xué)中充分發(fā)揮自己的主觀能動(dòng)性。因?yàn)榻處煹囊谎砸恍袝?huì)直接影響學(xué)生的思維。
六、結(jié)語
語言作為人們相互之間交流的工具，人們利用語言來表達(dá)自己的思想感情。語言本身并不具有性別歧視的功能，只是使用語言的人有這種思想，才使得語言產(chǎn)生這種功能。教科書作為教育和引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的重要工具，會(huì)直接影響和引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知。這套全國中小學(xué)教材審定委員會(huì)2003年初審?fù)ㄟ^的義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書英語（新目標(biāo)）STUDENTS’BOOK，在性別歧視現(xiàn)象上較其他教材來講有很明顯的減弱趨勢(shì)。總的來說，這套教材充分考慮到初中學(xué)生的認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)，注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽說讀寫能力。但教材中存在性別歧視的現(xiàn)象，應(yīng)在今后的教材審定和編寫中予以避免。
參考文獻(xiàn)：
[1]高月琴.英語語言性別歧視現(xiàn)象實(shí)例研究[J].語文學(xué)刊（高教外文版），2008，8.
[2]李曉惠，周民.《大學(xué)英語》精讀練習(xí)題中的語言性別歧視[J].理工高校研究，2004.
[3]潘建.英漢語言性別歧視的比較研究[J].外語與外語教學(xué)，2001.
